Ethical Hacking
Ethical hacking incorporates a supported undertaking
to secure unapproved induction to a PC system, application, or data. Doing an
ethical hack includes copying procedures and activities of pernicious
aggressors. This training assists with distinguishing security weaknesses which
can then be settled before a malignant assailant has the chance to take
advantage of them.
Ethical Hacker
A white-cap ethical hacker is a programmer who takes
advantage of for some incredible reason, (for example, to secure some
association). The great individuals are essentially moral programmers. They
have lawful authorization to slow down the program of others. The ethical
programmer searches ports, and sites and finds bugs that can be designated by a
wafer. When the shortcomings of any gadget are known, the assaults should be
possible without any problem. To be protected in this web world, the client is
required to figure out how a programmer (saltine) can get into his
organization. Moral hacking is learning the origination of hacking and applying
them to get any system, or organization for any extraordinary reason.
How Does an Ethical Hacker Different from Other Hackers
Ethical hacker utilizes their insight to get and work
on the innovation of associations. They offer fundamental support to these
associations by searching for weaknesses that can prompt a security break. An
ethical programmer reports the distinguished weaknesses to the association.
Also, they give remediation exhortation. A large part of the time, with the affiliation's
consent, the moral software engineer plays out a re-test to ensure the
shortcomings are settled. malicious hacker means to acquire unapproved
admittance to an asset (the more delicate the better) for monetary benefit or
individual acknowledgment. A few noxious programmers ruin sites or crash
backend servers for no particular reason, notoriety harm, or to cause monetary
misfortune. The techniques utilized and weaknesses found stay unreported. They
aren't worried about further developing the association's security posture.
Advantages of Ethical Hacking
1.
This
helps prevent malicious hacking attempts. Ethical hackers can help
organizations develop systems that are better prepared to detect and block
malicious hacking attempts and ensure their data is well protected.
2.
This
can reduce international threats. Ethical hacking can often help reduce the
number of international threats that public and private organizations may
experience, such as national security breaches.
3.
This
allows companies to better protect their financial assets. Ethical hackers can
help banks and other financial institutions implement measures to increase the
security of their networks so they can better protect their customers' money
and increase trust.
4.
This
can help reduce cybercrime. Ethical hacking can help cybersecurity
organizations and government agencies develop ways to detect and prevent
cybercrime and cyberterrorism by teaching them new malicious coding techniques.
Disadvantages Of Ethical Hacking
1.
It
has the potential ability to corrupt an organization's files or data.
2.
They
may use the collected important information for malicious purposes. As a
result, it takes reliable developers to succeed in this particular framework.
3.
Employing
such people increases the company's costs.
4.
This
method may compromise someone's privacy. This system is unconstitutional.
Types of Ethical Hacking
1.
black
box Testing: In black-box testing, the programmer has no earlier information on
the framework and is trying the product from outside the framework before
entering it using a beast force approach. For instance, on the off chance that
you were trying a site, you probably won't understand what sort of server it's
running on or what programming dialects were utilized to make it. This hacking
type is much of the time considered one of the most hazardous kinds of hacking
in digital protection and is utilized to distinguish security openings in an
organization or framework that an assailant could take advantage of. They
unlawfully get close enough to private data like Mastercard numbers or ledgers,
which they then, at that point, sell or use for unlawful purposes like data
fraud or extortion.
2.
White
box testing: In white box testing, the hacker has a deep understanding of the
framework, how it works, and its shortcomings before he attempts to break into
the framework. White-box testing is frequently finished by designers who need
to perceive how well their frameworks hold up under tension before they
discharge them into creation conditions where assailants might attempt to air
out them. They work intimately with IT offices and follow organization
strategy, so they can figure out what's going on within without overstepping
any regulations. They likewise guarantee that nobody hacks into their manager's
framework.
3.
Gray
box Testing: This is a blend between white-box and black-box testing; the
analyzer has some information about the framework but not every last bit of it,
so they need to utilize rational thinking abilities and their specialized
information to find weaknesses inside the framework or organization being
tried. black caps at times utilize their abilities for good and pernicious
purposes, for example, taking cash from banks or different organizations
through PC infections they make (and that implies they could be viewed as black).
The instances of grey box testing incorporate regions
like
·
Convenience
Tests
·
Execution
Tests
·
Security
Tests
4.
Web
Application Hacking: Web application hacking type is the most common way of
taking advantage of safety weaknesses or shortcomings in online applications.
Web applications are commonly written in dialects like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript;
however, they can likewise be written in different dialects like PHP and Ruby
on Rails. Due to the idea of these dialects and how internet browsers decipher
them, it is feasible to perform explicit activities on a site without really
being approved. One illustration of this would be cross-webpage prearranging
(XSS), which includes infusing pernicious code into a site's HTML. If you can
create an XSS assault appropriately, you can seize the program's meeting with
the server while never approaching their username or secret key.
5.
Hacking
wireless organization: Hacking remote organizations is a hacking type that
includes getting to a PC network without approval, regularly by taking
advantage of flimsy spots in the framework's security. A phenomenal
illustration of this is the act of wardriving, where an aggressor cruise all
over with a PC or other gadget fit for getting remote signs, searching for
unprotected or ineffectively safeguarded networks.
6.
Social
engineering: Social engineering means to convince individuals to uncover their
secret data. The assailant deludes individuals since they trust them and need
information. There are three sorts of social engineering: human-based, portable-based,
and PC based. As security arrangements slacken and there are no equipment or
programming devices to forestall social designing assaults, distinguishing them
is troublesome.
7.
system hacking: System hacking is the penance
of a program to get to the designated PC to take their delicate data. The
programmer exploits the shortcomings in a PC system to get the data and
information and makes use of the advantage. System hacking expects to get
entrance, raise honors, and conceal records.
8.
Web
server hacking: Web content is produced as a product application on the server
side continuously. This permits the programmers to go after the webserver to
take private data, information, passwords, and business data by utilizing DoS
assaults, port sweeps, SYN floods, and Sniffing. Programmers hack web servers
to acquire monetary benefits from burglary, damage, coercion, blackmail, and so
forth.
Case Studies on Ethical Hacking
Source: Https://Www.Knowledgehut.Com/Blog/Security/Ethical-Hacking-Case-Study
1.
WordPress
cracked user data- Back in 2019, a new plugin was released for WordPress called
Social Network Tabs. As you know, most people use WordPress to make their
websites. This plugin became very popular, but no one knew about the
vulnerability. It helped users share their website content on social media. Baptiste
Robert was a French security researcher known online by his username Elliot
Alderson. He found a flaw in the plugin that MITER identified as
CVE-2018-20555. You can find this case and the corresponding case study in the
Ethical Hacking PDF file online. You must be wondering what exactly caused this
plugin bug. A bug in the plugin compromised a user's Twitter account. Since the
extension is linked to the user's social media account, the vulnerability
leaked the user's social media data. Roberto was the first to discover the leak
and quickly reported it to Twitter, which helped protect the accounts of users
affected by the leak.
2.
Vulnerability
in Oracle's WebLogic Servers- In 2019 Oracle released a security update without
notice. This surprised fans until they found out why it happened. The security
patch was a very critical update that fixed a code vulnerability in the WebLogic
Server. The vulnerability was discovered by the security firm KnownSec404. The
vulnerability was named CVE-2019-2729, which received a rating of 9.8/10, which
is quite high. The vulnerability left it open to attacks by hackers targeting
two applications that the server left open to the Internet.
3.
Visa card vulnerability that allowed
payment restrictions to be
bypassed
This was one of the most famous ethical hacking cases publicized on the Internet. It happened on
July 29, 2019. Two
security researchers from a company called Positive Technologies discovered a security hole in Visa contactless cards
that allowed hackers to bypass payment limits. This breach of their security
would result in huge losses for the company. This incident
sparked an interest in ethical hacking. As a
result, some students started taking cybersecurity course certificates
online to learn more. This was noticed by Tim Yunusov, head of security at the bank, and Leigh-Anne
Galloway, head of cybersecurity
resilience. It was announced how five major UK banks were targeted. Visa cards used to have a contactless
verification limit of £30, but this weakness allowed hackers to
bypass the limit.
4.
What
happened to Zomato- In 2017, Zomato, one
of the largest online restaurant guides and food-ordering apps, was hacked by a
hacker. The hacker aimed for five things. Names, Emails, Numeric Usernames ID, Usernames,
Passwords. The data loss reached millions, as 17 million users were targeted.
Before negotiating with the company, the hacker was able to put this information
on the dark web so anyone could buy it. This was one of the most shocking
ethical hacking cases in India. It also made people question the cyber security
of the country. When this incident came to light, Zomato published some blogs
talking about the real person behind this breach. The work was said to have
been done by an ethical hacker who wanted to highlight the issue of national
cyber security. It worked when the whole country started talking about cyber
security.
5.
Mac
Zoom Can Be Hacked, Camera Exposed- Jonathan Leitschuh disclosed a very
critical vulnerability in Apple Macs on July 9, 2019. This lack of security
framework allowed hackers to take control of a user's front-facing camera. As a
result, many websites can force a user to participate in a Zoom call without
their knowledge or permission. It was a breach of privacy, and millions of
people holding meetings or using Zoom in general were at risk. This is an
important case of ethical hacking as it was hacked on social media to make
people aware. That same day, Apple sent a fix, which was a simple patch that
users can download and install to fix the problem. Zoom also wasted no time in
releasing a hotfix to fix the problem.
Conclusion
In conclusion, ethical hacking stands at the forefront
of cybersecurity, offering a proactive approach to identifying and mitigating
potential threats before they can be exploited by malicious actors. Ethical
hackers, also known as white-hat hackers, play a crucial role in safeguarding
organizations' digital assets and data by leveraging their expertise to uncover
vulnerabilities and recommend remediation measures. The advantages of ethical
hacking are evident, including its ability to prevent malicious hacking
attempts, reduce international threats, protect financial assets, and mitigate
cybercrime. However, there are also certain disadvantages to consider, such as
the potential for corruption of organizational files, misuse of collected
information, increased costs, and privacy concerns. Various types of ethical
hacking, such as black box testing, white box testing, gray box testing, web
application hacking, wireless network hacking, social engineering, system
hacking, and web server hacking, offer diverse approaches to assessing and fortifying
cybersecurity defenses. Furthermore, real-world case studies highlight the
critical role of ethical hacking in identifying and addressing vulnerabilities
in widely used platforms and systems, thereby preventing potential data
breaches and safeguarding user privacy. As technology continues to advance, the
importance of ethical hacking in ensuring digital security will only grow. Organizations
must recognize the value of ethical hackers and invest in robust cybersecurity
measures to protect against evolving threats in the digital landscape.
By
Divneet Kaur Ahuja, M.A Economics (2022-2024), School of Behavioural and Social Science (SBSS), Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies (MRIIRS), Faridabad, Haryana. divneetahuja01@gmail.com
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